See grindō on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"raw_tags": [
"f"
],
"word": "grinde"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "West Frisian",
"lang_code": "fy",
"word": "grint"
}
],
"lang": "Old Frisian",
"lang_code": "ofs",
"word": "*grind"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "West Frisian",
"lang_code": "fy",
"word": "grint"
}
],
"lang": "Old Frisian",
"lang_code": "ofs",
"word": "*grint"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "German Low German",
"lang_code": "nds-de",
"word": "Grind"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Low German",
"lang_code": "gml",
"raw_tags": [
"m"
],
"word": "grint"
}
],
"lang": "Old Saxon",
"lang_code": "osx",
"word": "*grind"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"lang_code": "af",
"word": "grint"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"word": "grind"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"word": "grinde"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"lang_code": "af",
"word": "grint"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"word": "grind"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"raw_tags": [
"f"
],
"word": "grint"
}
],
"lang": "Old Dutch",
"lang_code": "odt",
"word": "*grinda"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"word": "Grind"
}
],
"lang": "Middle High German",
"lang_code": "gmh",
"word": "grint"
}
],
"lang": "Old High German",
"lang_code": "goh",
"word": "grint"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"word": "Grind"
}
],
"lang": "Middle High German",
"lang_code": "gmh",
"word": "grint"
}
],
"lang": "Old High German",
"lang_code": "goh",
"raw_tags": [
"m"
],
"word": "grient"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʰrendʰ-",
"t": "to crush"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰrendʰ- (“to crush”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *gʰrendʰ- (“to crush”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "grindō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindôz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grindō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "grindôz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "grindǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grindōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grindōi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindōmaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grindō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindōmiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/grindō",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"gravel; sand; pebbles"
],
"id": "en-grindō-gem-pro-noun-ND837EnH",
"links": [
[
"gravel",
"gravel"
],
[
"sand",
"sand"
],
[
"pebbles",
"pebbles"
]
],
"related": [
{
"english": "gravelly stream",
"tags": [
"English",
"Middle"
],
"translation": "gravelly stream",
"word": "grendel"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-English"
],
"word": "grendel"
},
{
"word": "⇒ Proto-Germanic: *grandilaz"
},
{
"word": "grandą"
},
{
"word": "grindaną"
},
{
"sense": "Proto-West Germanic",
"word": "grandil"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɣrin.dɔː/"
}
],
"word": "grindō"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"raw_tags": [
"f"
],
"word": "grinde"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "West Frisian",
"lang_code": "fy",
"word": "grint"
}
],
"lang": "Old Frisian",
"lang_code": "ofs",
"word": "*grind"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "West Frisian",
"lang_code": "fy",
"word": "grint"
}
],
"lang": "Old Frisian",
"lang_code": "ofs",
"word": "*grint"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "German Low German",
"lang_code": "nds-de",
"word": "Grind"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Low German",
"lang_code": "gml",
"raw_tags": [
"m"
],
"word": "grint"
}
],
"lang": "Old Saxon",
"lang_code": "osx",
"word": "*grind"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"lang_code": "af",
"word": "grint"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"word": "grind"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"word": "grinde"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"lang_code": "af",
"word": "grint"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"word": "grind"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"raw_tags": [
"f"
],
"word": "grint"
}
],
"lang": "Old Dutch",
"lang_code": "odt",
"word": "*grinda"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"word": "Grind"
}
],
"lang": "Middle High German",
"lang_code": "gmh",
"word": "grint"
}
],
"lang": "Old High German",
"lang_code": "goh",
"word": "grint"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"word": "Grind"
}
],
"lang": "Middle High German",
"lang_code": "gmh",
"word": "grint"
}
],
"lang": "Old High German",
"lang_code": "goh",
"raw_tags": [
"m"
],
"word": "grient"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʰrendʰ-",
"t": "to crush"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰrendʰ- (“to crush”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *gʰrendʰ- (“to crush”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "grindō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindôz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grindō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "grindôz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "grindǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grindōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grindōi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindōmaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grindō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grindōmiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/grindō",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"english": "gravelly stream",
"tags": [
"English",
"Middle"
],
"translation": "gravelly stream",
"word": "grendel"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-English"
],
"word": "grendel"
},
{
"sense": "Proto-West Germanic",
"word": "grandil"
},
{
"word": "⇒ Proto-Germanic: *grandilaz"
},
{
"word": "grandą"
},
{
"word": "grindaną"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic feminine nouns",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic nouns",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic ō-stem nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"gravel; sand; pebbles"
],
"links": [
[
"gravel",
"gravel"
],
[
"sand",
"sand"
],
[
"pebbles",
"pebbles"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɣrin.dɔː/"
}
],
"word": "grindō"
}
Download raw JSONL data for grindō meaning in All languages combined (3.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-03-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-03-03 using wiktextract (05c257f and 9d9a410). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.